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.(No Model.)

5ISheetS--Sheef D. SMITH.

, l r y f v10E MACHINE. No. 356,382. magented Ja.n18,1887.

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DSMITH.

j 10E MACHINE, f v No. 356,382.

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Patented Jan. 18, 1887.

(Nomoael.) aaneen-sheet 4.v

D. SMITH. j 8 '10E MAQHINB. v v N0. 356,382. PatentedgJan'.' 18, 1887.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

D. SMITH.

No. 356,382. (s Patented Jan. 18, 1887. v 19.1

49M@ Sm'm UNITED STATES PATENT Orifice.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 356.382, dated January 18, 1,887.l A l y Application filed Marchi, 15383. Serial No. 87,016. (Nomodcl'.) l

To aZZV whom it may concern:4 y Be it known that I, DAVID SMITH, of Washington, in t-he District of Columbia, have .in-' vented a new and useful Improvement in Ice- 5 Machines; and l do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description ofthe44 same, reference beinghad tothe accompanying drawings,and to the letters'of reference marked thereon.'A Y- v Y f What I desire to describe in this specification are lmethods and systems for refrigerating and ice-making, and apparatussuitableffor refrigerating and ice-making purposes.

The invention consistsfprimarily, 'in the methods and systems employed, and in details of apparatus, and in the combinations of the several operative parts and devices which,employed together, constitute an icemacbine or refrigerating apparatus, all as more fullyherezo inafter described and claimed.

In the manufacture of artificial ice it' is of great consequence to have the ic'ef not only denseand heavy, but perfectly transparent, v

which means that it 'shall contain no earthy g 5 particles or other colori'ngmatter; and to this end, when the freezing-tanks have been once filled with water, various chemical and mechanical devices have been employed to create and maintain the purity of this body of 3c water during the act of congealation, butwith little practical success, forths' reason:

A body of water exposed to freezing-sur- .faces in a freezngtank in the act of congealation will purify itself next to the freezing-sur- V faces,and willdeposituponthemaccrtainthiekness of pure transparent ice. By the act of con- 4 5 and the iceis more 'and more thickly deposited upon the freezing-surfaces the water unfrozen becomes more land more turbid and less in quantity until the act of congealation will not expel the earthy and coloring matters, and

5o consequently cannotproducefsolid clear ice,`

but instead .produces ice which isclouded more or less andhas hardly more consistency or compactness than firm snow.l lThis moval from the cakes of ice of all of.' this worthless and Vunsalableouter surface, which 'of' course increases the cost of producing the ice commercially. .The chemical and mechanical devices before referred to llave failed thereforeof beneficial eilect, as they were applied necessitates, in' practice, the scraping or ref to the same bodyof water in the tank, apparx entlyforfthe reason that the force of the act ofcongealation in throwing` off earthy or other coloring matter overcame or destroyed in some way the desired effects of such arti licial chemi cal or mechanical devices.

In my former practice-using filtered water l 't in the freezing-tanks-I have been accustomed to draw off' more or less of the freezing water from time to time from the tanksy as soon as it became turbid and replace it with fresh liltered water from the reservoir or watcr-sup- Y ply.- f This method, However, involved great loss, inasmuch as the water drawn olf had been at ,considerable expense lreduced in tempera ture to near the freezing-point,and the new supply was necessarily of a' higher temperaable lter, and returned to the top of the tank without sensible loss in temperature andwithout injuriously affecting the tranquility of the freezing water inthe tank, and in this way water which was previously unfiltered can be used to great advantage in making clear transparent ice. By't-hus'keepiug the water in the tanks continually at a freezing unvaried tem- .perature and in a very pure state there results an ice which is not only perfectly transparent,

-but uniformly more dense and heavier than,v the bestNorthern commercial natural ice.-

This systemA of circulation ofthe freezing wa--` In the system employed by me I use pure anhydrous duid ammonia, which is now a coinmercial article, and is furnished in wroughtiron eylindersot suitable size, capable of resisting a great internal pressure, which cylinders are furnished with an outletpipe adapted "for convenient coupling with another pipe.

To the outlet-pi pe ot' the ammonia-cylinder is coupled a pipe which leads to the inlet side of the ammonia-pump, and has between the pump and the ammonia-cylinder a cut-ovalve. vIn starting up work in au i'eemaehine, I open allthe valves in all ot'l the ammonia-pipes in the system of pipcs, cxeept the valve which cuts off the tlow of ammonia from the cylinder, and start up the ammonia-pump and draw out all the air in the entire system of ammonia-pipes. rlhis being done and the pump stopped, the valve between the cylinder and the pump is opened, and the ammonia bcing released and under the pressure of the cylinder vaporizes and passes through the pump and all the ammonia-pipes of the system until they are iilled with ammonia-gas under the same pressure-as the ammonia in' the cylinder. There are two pressure-gagesin the pump-room, one connected with a reeeiver and one connected to the pipe which leads from the outlet side of the pump to the1 congealer-eoils. Vhen the pressure upon both gages reaches about sixty, I close the valve between the receiver and the congealing-coils and then start up the ammonia-pump, which withdraws the am momia-gas from the eongealing-coils into the condenser, where it is lique` fied and flows down into the receiver. 'The ammonia-pump is kept running slowly until a charge for a tenten machine, preferably about one hundred and twenty-five pounds, is forced into the condenser and receiver, where it is in liquid forni and ready for use. Then the Valve between the ammonia-cylinder and the pump is closed, and if need be secured in position, and the valve between the receiver and the congealing-coils is opened suiiiciently and the liquid ammonia 4iows from the receiver into the congealer-coils, va'- porizing in its passage, and absorbs heat from the non-eongealable liquid in which said' coils are immersed, or from the air, should the apparatus be used for refrigerating purposes, in which ease the particular `construction ot' Vthe congealer-coils need not he used. Thence the vaporized ammonia returns by a proper pipe around and through the cooling-coils ot' the receiver, and through a dirt-catcher to the inlet side ofthe pump; thence th rough the pump again to the condenser, where it is again liqueiied, and thence to the rec'eiver; thence to the congealer-coils in a second circulation, and so on, the pump working all the time at a pressure of about twenty pounds in thecongealing-coils and at the condensing-point of ammonia in the condenser. This system of the circulatlou in an ice-machine of ammonia by experience that, with proper power, pumps,

'stopping the others, and to take power deand ammonia-gas constitutes another portion of my invention. t

Heretoforenin the construction and arrangement of ice-machines, by which I mean a con1 plete system of gas-pumps, condensers, rccciver's, tanks, and other essential apparatus, the practice has been to construct such machines of various sizes to meet the expected demand-. e., for a small demand a small ma chine would be furnished, for a largedemand a. large machine would be furnished, and these machines have been arranged in respect to their constituent parts in such order as con- 8O venienee would dictate. I have discovered from much trial and experience that a uniform system as to sizes of ice-machines and their arrangement as to constituent parts is most economical'and productive of the best results. g

"I take as a standard of capacity for an icemachine a tank about forty-tive feet long,'sev euteen feet wide, Iand nine feet deep, in which are placed side by side twenty congealing boxes, extending vertically from side to side 9 of the tank. Each ofthese boxes being eight by sixteen feet, has a'surface Ion either side of one hundred 'and twenty-eight square feet, on both sides of two hundred and fifty-six square feet, and the twenty congealingboxes in the tank have thus a freezing-surface of five thousand one hundred and twenty square feet,upon which the ice is formed in forty sheets, each of which is sixteen feet long and eight feet wide, and of suicieut commercial thickness, preferably `about one foot, which size I find the most convenient for portable subdivision into masses aboutl two feet long and two feet wide. Taking this tank as a standard, I have fou-nd l05 condenser-s, and other suitable parts oi an Icemachine, I can produce ten tons of ice per day of twenty-four hours with the least cost per ton, and I have also found that when a less quantity per day is needed itis the best economy'to let the machines be idle and use the ice'already made until the saine is nearly or quite exhausted, and when a greater quantity than ten tous per day is needed to increase the number of ice-machines, each of ten tous ca- [15 .pacity per day and complete in every particular. 1 f

W'ith regard to the arrangement of the separate parts which form an ice-machine, I have found it most convenient to arrangeihc pumps on aline near the power-supply, and to have all the pumps driven from the same shaft with suitable connecting-gear, so that one or more of the pumps (may be disconnected without r 2 rived from the same shaft to operate the cou- 5 densers, sprinklers, the endless belt and other parts of the machine, and to arrange the condensers between the ammonia-pumps and the congealing-tanks, and as far as possible to have 13o the pumps and the tanks nearly-upon' the same level, to have the receivers upon alowerlevel thanthe condensers, and to use. the pump.- room as the engineers room, whether steam or' v rio,

e water power is used, and to hav'e arranged` in said room all the gages and some of the principal valves, to have the water-supply tank,

the brine-tank, and ,the cutting-up platformV all in the same room where the congealing tanks are placed, and this arrangement pos-l sesses the following advantages, viz: any pump,

v gives the force of gravity in aid of the flow of ammonia from the condenser to the receiver. Placing the lparts named' upon the samelevel aiordsconvenienceinsuperintendence. Making the machines of ten tous capacity is the smallest size which can be constructed or managed economically and iills the greatest requirements of demand.' This system ot' construction and arrangement ofan icemachine constitutes another part of my invention.) For the better instruction of those skilled in ice-making I refer to the drawings connected withJthis application, in which-4 Figures 1 and 2 are endelevations of bnildings containing four of my machines; Fig. 3, a vertical longitudinal section through lines x :r of Figs. land 2; Fig( 4, adetail plan view from above of a group of four refrigeratingtanks; Fig. 5, a detail'vertical section of a condenser withan elevationof a sprinkler;

Fig. 6, a separate view o't' a dirt-catcher; Fig. ,7, a side elevation with a'eyliuder in section of an ammonia-pump; Fig. 8, an end elevalion of an ammonia-pump; Fig. 9, a detail of n ticed by inspection.

the valve of the same. Y

The drawings illustrate particularly a desirable form of a forty-ton machine composed of four ten-ton machines, and corresponding yparts in each figure are shown by similar letters ot' reference. l t In the drawings, Arepresents t-he ammonia cylinder or vessel'in which ammonia is snpplied commercially, which is preferably placed upon a platiorm-scale, sothat the precise weight ot' ammonia drawn from it mayfbe no- A pipe, a, with a cut-oli' valve, l; leads from this cylinder to the inlet side of one ofthe ammonia-pumps B.

B B B B representfourammonia-pumps, arranged irr li'ne and driven by a shaft, C. Each pump is composed ot two single-acting cylinders, b b, placed on one bed-plate, b', with aflywheel, 21"', between the cylinders. rhis iiywheel is also the driving-wheel, and isbelted to a/pulley on the shaft, preferably fitted with clutches, which hold' it to the shalt and'release' it upon a certain pressure, or, at will, release it altogether. From the shaft of this fly-wheel Iinotion is communicated `through crank-arms and/pitmeuion eachside to levers pivoted at the ends opposite the pitmen'ends, and to them in turn are pivoted` the piston-rods b3, which actuate the pistonsof each cylinder. To adapt this pump especially for use'in an ice-machine or refrigerating apparatus, there is a jacket, c, aroundl each cylinder, with a water-chamber supplied by a pipe, c.

The piston is furnished. with packing-rings constructed and arranged in a usual manner, and at the head o f the piston is a valve, c, with a recessed center, c, through which passes an extension, c, of the piston-rod, and t-he valve chas a limited movement up and down upon this extension. ThisY limitin the down- .ward direction is made by shoulders c5 upon -the piston-rod, which is lthreaded up to such shouldcrs,.and thereby held in place within the piston. Above these shouldersthe extensionic of the piston-rod is smallerthan below, and" adapted for a sliding movement of the valve c2 np and down upon it. The upper end ofthis extension is also screw-threaded, and '85 s has a couple of right and left jam-nuts, c c7, which screw down upon it, the lower one of which limits'the upward movement ofthe a Tlt is important to get access tothe jam nuts, 9o

and to this end a central portion, ce, of the top of the valve ci'is provided with screw-threads and is screwed down into place. To prevent the moveinentof this central portion, separate screws c? are passed down through `the serewthreads of said central portion into the body Y ofthe valve below and hold said central por'- tion irmly. `By the removal of the small screws c the centralportio'n, e8, can be readily removed, and with a suit-able hand-toolt'he rco i jam-nuts c c* can be taken oli`,"aud the piston" rod is unscrewed'an'd retrieved from' the piston. ln the descent ofthe piston the gasorarm monia/rushes nlthrugh suitable openings in the body of the'piston md raises the valve-'ic'l 105` from 'its seats'c, and passes into the cylinder above such valve and between it andthe valve j ou. Upona reverse movement of the cylindei` the valve cu is raisedf'rn turn and the-ami monia or Vgas is forced into thevpipe.

The water-.jacket arbund the cylinder ser-ves to keep it cool,a nd the arrangement of the piston and itsvalves serves to create and maini tain close points, and tomakeall the parts'convenient of access for repairs or renewals, and 1 r 5 altogetheradapt the pump for this special piirpose. From each of'these pumps on the outlet side a pipe, E, preferably of two inches d iameter, leads to theF condenser F, which is shown in sectional detail in Fig. 5. rlhis con- 12o denser consists of four coils of pipe arranged so as'tobe about eight feet. in diameter and nihe feet high, composed of pipes eeec, preferabl'y of three-quarter inch diameter and each about eight hundred feet long. rlhese coils 'x25 lall spring from a manifold, E', iutor which the u pipe E enters at one end, and the other end is coiled upwardly over the condenser, and then is bent down upon one'side and terminates imA a valve, 2,'these coils (marked e!) yconstituting '13o an air-chamber, andthe valve serving toletotl' the air when needed.

The pipes e e are coiled to the right frmy thestop to the bottom ofthel condenser in contiguous coils, and the pipes e c' are in like fashion coiled to the lel't, thinstrips of iron separating the two sets of coils, andmall the coils being contained between twosets ofvertical bars, b' b', which arc bolted togetherlin vsuch a way as to hold both the bars together and support the coils suitably in position.

The vertical bars b b' stand upon a licoring and make a kind of frame-work,inclosing the Io coils upon the inside as well as the outside.

All these pi-pes terminate at the bottom of the condenser in a manifold, E2, which is closed at onevend, and the other end is connected with a pipe, E, preferably about tln'ee-t'ourths 4ot' an inch in diameter, which leads to the receivcr ll. Within this condenser is placed a hollow shaft, G, the lower part of which is filled with wood and suitably stepped in a bed-piece, and the upper part supported in a zo vertical position by a beam or other support.

At theupper end of this shalt is placed at'nn nel or other suitable vessel, g, into which a watensupplymomes from a pipe, g'. Upon the shalt is placed a cross-arm, gli, whose end is bent down and to one side, terminating in ya sprinkler, g, which delivers water upon the tp of the coils e e cc. [The sprinkler-pipe is bent to one side at the end sufficiently to revolve by recoil around the condenser about 3o once in a minute, and the water discharged lupon the condenser-coils drips down, so kthat all parts ol' the coils are kept continually wet andare thereby cooled, so that the ammonia- .gas entering therein is condensed andliqueed. The advantage of this construction is this, namely: By 'having the condenser vertical,

and by having l'onr coils arranged as described, u

a great length of coils is obtained with a larger pitchI or incline in either coil andI 4o Shorter coil. When` therefore, the gas is driven by the pump into the condenser, it is, divided into four distinct currents, and flows through the four coils with less speed than it would through a single coil, as usually employed. and condenses more rapidly. At the same time much less work and very much less water are required from the sprinkler, and the expense of water and the cost of pumping the samearelargely reduced. Fromthscond'enser 5o the pipe E", before mentioned, connects with the animouiareceiver H, preferably upona lower level than the condenser, so that the ammonia will run in a liquid state into it from the condenser. This receiver is preferably made about four feet long, of twelve-inch iron pipe, with ends welded in, and is surrounded with a coil. of two-inch pipe, h, into the upper end of which receiver the pipe Ea from the condenserenters. Anotherthrcequarter-'inch .6o pipe, E, leads from the bottom'of the receiver to the congealing-eoils, hereinafter to be described, and still another pipe, Ei", leads toa pressuregage, g, conveniently al ranged `for inspectionin the pump-room. The pipe El has a valve. 3, and pipe 1'1" has a valve, 4, each adapted to cut ott"t l A The connections with the spiral pipev h are as follows: At the top with a pipe, E5, leading from the congealer-coils, and at the bottourif with the same pipe E5, which. leadsfrornthelyc congealer-coils to the inlet side of the'anv` nionia-pump, so that the spiral pipe h is in the circuit ot' connection between the congeale'r-coils and the inlet side of the ammoniapnmp and passes through thedirt-catcher. This receiver is covered with-a-jacket, h', of wood or thin iron, and the space between the liackct and the receiver proper is filled in with sawdust, coal-dust, or other non-conducting material. V,

The advantage of this construction ol' the receiver is its constant` coolness produced by the cold current, which circulates through the lspiral pipe It. As before mentioned'` the pipe Eleads from the receiver to the refrigerating 85 or congealiug coils, or, rather, to a manifold, from which the,refrigerating-coilslead. These coils are constructed, substantially, in accordance with the description in Reissue No. 7,383, granted to me November 7, 1.876,'and are con? 9o nected witlra manifold, i-viz., a section of pipe of about two inches diameter closed at l eachend and having four short branch pipes,

i i, of about one inch rdiameter, each with' l a. valve, 5, for regulating the feed, into which branch pipes the congealing-pipes i i enter. When these eongealing-pipes are used for cooling the air and for other refrigerating purposes, these manifolds just mentioned may be dispensed with and thccoils arranged as most' convenient. These congealing-pipes in ice-machines are bent down inside ofl cach' congealingbox Kto near its bottom, and are extended across in a horizontal plane, then bend up and extend in-the other direction, and turn up again, the coils gradually approaching each other toward the top, where the pipe leaves the box, as shown in said Reissue No. 7,383. Thecongeiling-boxes are preferably arranged in groups of five, as shown ifi Fig. 3, and boxes marked 1 and 2 preferably contain twenty convolutions of `threequarter-inch pipe each, and those marked 3, 4, and 5 eighteen convolutions of oneinch pipe each, the inlet-pipe going, as bel'orcexl plained, to the bottom of box 1, coming out ofthe top of the same, then bent down to the bottom of box 2, and so on until the outlet comes out of the top of box 5, the gas owing in at the bottom of box l and coming out at the top of box 5, and all the pipes are connected with 'a manifold, i, and -four of such groups are placed in each tank L in such a way that the top ofv each box is Iabout three inches below the top of the tank and the out- 125 side boxes are about eighteen inches from the inside ends of the tank, and a space of about two feet is left between every two boxes and a space of about six .inches is leftbetween the ends of the tank.

The congealing-boxes are composed of thin iron plates, preferably about eight pounds to the square foon-placed on each side of a frame rio boxes and the inside sides of the 13o I and extending ihewhole cross-area of the h, around the receiver, and, connecting with five feet long, seventeen feet wide, and nine ables a hoisting-tackle to be placed over any .50. part of the specification.

'..taken from the tanks passes through a suitai p rally gravitates, then through a filter, purified,

wood, is covered'over with removable planks `platform for that purpose. form the. large cakes, being subdivided into convenient sizes, are pushed upon theeudless having branclpipcs k l; preferably at each,

-pipes k' k discharges into the water-spaces,

about two and one-half inches thick, bolted together through the frame and plate on each side of it, so as lo leave an interior space for the congealing-coils and the nou-congealable liquid of about two and onerhalf inches wide,

tank,or about sixteen feet, with aboutone-half of that depth. The spaces between the boxes e2 contain the water to be cougcaled, andare about two feet wide. 4'

From the manifold i the gases are drawn back by apipc. lll-l, preferably a two-inch pipe, which leads baekto the top of the coil the bottom of said coil, passes through the dirtcatcher to the inlet side of the ammoniapump.

The tank K,asvbefore,slated,is about fortyfeet'deep, made strongly and watertight of for a flooring, which planks should be numbered consecutively, so as to be properly replaced when taken up; and for convenience of handling two courses of planks, each aboutJ eight androne-half feet longplaced end to'end, should constitute the covering of each tank. These tanks for a forty-ton machine are four in number, as shown in Fig. 4, and are placed in pairs,` end lo end, and between these pairsl is a space which'is occupied by an endless belt, M', of planks, to Awhich fmovement is given in any convenient way by. gearing or belting with the main power-shaft. A'rail, N, is supported or hung above-eachlseries of two tanks, -upon which a traveling pulley encongealingbox, so as to hoist out thecake of ice. When thus hoisted, it is deposited upon the plank top of the tanks, which cqnstitute a Upon. this platbclt,.which conveys them to thewagons.

rThe tanks K, in addition to the refrigerating-boxes and the intermediate spaces for .the water to be congealed andthe connections described in said Reissue N o. 7,383, have the This apparatus cousists in a pipe, O, which runs the whole length ofeach pair of tanks under" their bottoms,-

fourth water-space tapped into it, so as .to draw ofi the tui-bid water from the bottom of each water-space. The turbid 'water thus ble filter, O', from which it is drawn up by a proper pumpyoi, and discharged into another pipe,.o3, which passes along over the tanks,- preferably at their outer edges, and by branch' preferably abouty evcy fourth water-space. .By this means the turbid water is withdrawn from 'the bottom of,\the tanks, where it natuand returned to the water-spaceswithout sensible increase in temperature. The frequency of this operation will depend of course largely upon the purity of. the water used for icemaking. w f

It may' be nearly continuous, as where 1mltercd, impure, or turbid' water is used for ice-making; but where filtered or very pure natural water is used the act of Withdrawal may be conveniently performed at such intervals in theact of congelation, as the appearance of the unfrozen water may render necessary. v A dirt-catcher, 1, (shown in Fig. 6,) placed in the circuit of the pipe E, running to the am monja-pump from the coils h ofthe receiver, to prevent all dirt, scale, or other foreign mattergetting into the pump, is essential -for the preservation of ,the valves of the same. I prefer to make said dirt-catcher in'two equal parts,A Z l', with flanges m m, and secured together with bolts and nuts, so as to be easily taken apart, and havinga wire strainer, n, between thc two parts, to catch the dirt or other foreign matter. rlhe pipe E5 enters this dirtcatcher at the bottomv and leaves it at the displayed in the pump-room to indicate the pressure in the cougealing-eoil's.

- To fill the tank K with water for congealation,a water-tank, Q, is essential, and should be made of sufficient sizeand strength, with suitable inlets and'outlets and overflow-pipes and vindicator as to water-level preferably arranged so ,as to be visible in the pumproom. This tank, when possible, should be placed top, and it may be provided with' a gage, o, Y

ICO

upon a higher levelthan the tank'K, so as to `fill it by gravity If this is not possible, it `should be provided with suitable pumps and connectionsleading to tank K. Another tank, R, is required for"the supply of the non-congealable liquid, preferably brine, to the congealing-boxes, audits size and construction will require n'o descriptioinas it resembles in all respects,.except size, the tank Q, and requires the same attachments substantially. It is preferably located, below the tank Q, and most conveniently between two tanks, Q, as shown in Fig. l, by means whereof fresh water may be readily'admitted to it.

Pumps S and .'l, of proper size and construction, are employed to. pump back water and brine from the tanks K to the respective tanks Q and R^when necessary. v

I have described in this/specification tentoul machines, ei-ther'single or combined,'as constituting the most preferable and economical useof my rinvention'for furnishing icefor general consumption; but in so doing do not mean to restrict myself to any sizeof machines,

ws Y

IlO

as it is evident that for detached and local purposes much smaller machines, either singly or in combination, may be used' to great ad vantage, and under peculiar circumstances even larger machines, singly or incombination, than` those of ten tous capacity.

I am awareof the patent granted to Grana-k` gee, September 14, 1878, No. 208,3Q4. and disclaim the-invention described therein, which diIers from any invention describedI by me in the foregoing speciiication in essential partieulars, to wit; I remove from time to time as needed the tnrbidwater from the bott-om of myi'reezing-tanks, pass it through a iilter, and return it purified into the top ofthe freezingtanks with the least loss of time or disturbro ance ofl the water in the freezing-tank or increase in temperature by means of a separate watcr-eircuit, while Gamgce takes water from the top ot' his freezing-mold, passes it into a filter-tank, which is the general water-supply I 5 in the general water circuit, and then returns it to the bottoni of the freezing-mold by a continnons process, and thereby does not accomplish the particular results which I desire. Having thus described my invention, what I zo claim as new therein isd,

1. The system of circulation in an icema chine of the turbid watcrin the freezing-tanks, which consists in withd rawing said water 'from the bottom of the eongealing-tanks as it becomes turbid, passing the same through a tiltcr, and then returning the same water puried to the top ot the freezing-tanks with the leastloss of time' and increase in temperature, substantially as described.

3o 2. The system of ammonia circulation in lan ,s .ice-machine or refrigerating apparatus, which consists in first filling all of the ammoniav pipes.(previously exhanstedof air) fromthe ter-suppl y,

- ammonia supply-vessel under itsq own pressure, then closing the valve between the re- ""eeiver and congealingcoils, then inwithdrawing the ammonia-gas from the congealing-coils,

- into the condenser, where it is liquefied and flows down into th receiver, until a whole ,4o charge is withdrawn from the ammonia-snpply vessel, and then cutting o the flow of a1n.

monja'. from the supply-vessel and circulating ythe ammonia-charge by the pump over and over again through thewpump, the condenser, the receiver, and the co,ngealing-coils, substz'intally as described.

' 3. fIn an apparatus of the character -described, the combination of a gangf'or 'group of Y preciselysimilar ammonia ypumps with a singlef .5b driving-shaft and separate systems o`f condensers, Ireceivers,v and pipe-connections, all precisely alike for each pump, adapted and arranged to-be ,worked as independentmachinas or two or more togetherfsubstantially '55 asdescribed. f*

, l se bed,a condenser composed of four spiral inpairs coiled in opposite direc/tions, snbstantially as described.

` the cougealing-lank,

-arranged alternately of the '1p1-rianlapparatus ,ofi the. character de- 5. In an apparatus of the character described, a receiver composed of cylindrical metal vessel surrounded by coiled pipes (noA packed in non*conducting` material, snbstantially as described. Y

G. In an apparatus of the character described, a dirt-catcher made in two parts with an intermediate wire strainer, substantially as described.

7. In an apparatus of the character described, an ammoniapump composed of two single-acting cylinders on one bed-plate, each cylinder having a water-jacket, with a flywheel located between the cylinders, serving also' asa driving-wheel, belted to a drivingshaft with relcasingclutches, substanti. lly as described.

8. In an apparatusol' the character` del scribed, the combination, with the pump, of the valve c, having a removable threaded central portion. c, locked in position by means of the screws c, substantially as described.

' 9. In an ice-machine, the combination, with the ammonia-pump, ot' the condenser, the re-b 'eeiver, the congealing-coils, the dirt-catcher,

and their pipeconnections, substantially as described.

10. In an ice-machine. the combination, with the congeali ng-tank, of the congeali rig-boxes 4in groups with pipe-connections of di'erent sizes and number of coils, scribed. ,y y

11. In an icc-machine having a general wa- .the combination of a separatecircuit for the withdrawal ot' the turbid water from the bottomof the freezing-tanks and for returning thc'same purified to the top of such tanks, and a filter in such water-withdrawal circuit', substantially as and for the purposes described. j

12. In amico-machine, the combination of congealing-tanks with removable plank platforms for ice-cutting, movable pulley for ice-1 lifting, and endless belt for ice-removal, substantially as described.

13. In an ice-machine, the combination, in

of separate brine comcongealing-boxes same width and depthJ and composed of wooden ends and side Walls, each ofa singlewroughtirou plate, substantially as described.

y Intestimony whereof I aitix'my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DAVID SMITH.

sul stanti-all y asde- 'partments and fresh-water Witnesses:

. FRANK O. MeGLEAnY,

JNO. C. ScnRonDnR.-

ICO

IIO

It is hereby certified that Letters Patent No. 356,382, granted January 1S, 1887, upon the application'of David Smith, of Washington, District of' Columbia, for an im prow,- ment in Ice Machines,7 was erroneously issued tosaid Da vid Smith after his docense on December 13, 1886, the said Smith having on May 3, 1883, assigned his inventim; and upplication to the Smith Ice Patent Company, of New J ersey; that the said Lei.- ters Patent should have been issued tothe said Smith Ice Patent Company, riesig/nerfs;

the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Ofi'ee.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 12th day of April, A. D., 1887.

i D. L. HAWKI-Ns,

[SEAL] Acting Secretary 0j' the Interior.

Countersigned:

R. B. VANCE,

t Acting Commissioner of Patents.

and that the said Letters Pateht should be so read with this correction therein that 

